MIT mainjiniya akagadzira guruu rine simba, biocompatible rinogona kuvhara nyama yakakuvara uye kumisa kubuda ropa, inofemerwa nechinhu chinonamira chinoshandiswa nemabharaki kunamatira pamatombo. Credit: stock photos
Chinamira chitsva chinotevedzera chinhu chinonamira chinoshandiswa nemabharaki kunamatira pamatombo chinogona kupa nzira iri nani yekurapa kukuvadzwa.
Yafemerwa nechinhu chinonamira chinoshandiswa nemabharaki kunamatira pamatombo, mainjiniya eMIT akagadzira guruu rine simba rebiocompatible rinogona kuvhara matishu akuvara uye kumisa kubuda ropa.
Kunyange kana nzvimbo yacho yakafukidzwa neropa, iyi paste itsva inogona kunamatira kumusoro uye inogona kugadzira chisimbiso chakasimba mukati memasekonzi gumi nemashanu mushure mekushandisa. Vatsvakurudzi vanoti guruu iyi inogona kugovera nzira inoshanda zvikuru yokurapa kukuvadzwa uye kubatsira kudzora kubuda ropa pakuvhiyiwa.
"Tiri kugadzirisa dambudziko rekunamatira munzvimbo yakaoma, ndiko kuti, nzvimbo ine hunyoro, ine simba yezvinyama zvevanhu. Panguva imwecheteyo, tiri kuedza kushandura ruzivo urwu rwekutanga kuva zvigadzirwa zvechokwadi zvinogona kuponesa hupenyu, "MIT Machinery Said Zhao Xuanhe, purofesa weinjiniya uye yehurumende uye yezvakatipoteredza uye mumwe wevanyori vakuru vekudzidza.
Christoph Nabzdyk inyanzvi yemwoyo anesthesiologist uye chiremba anochengeta zvakanyanya paMayo Clinic muRochester, Minnesota, uye munyori mukuru webepa, rakaburitswa muNature Biomedical Engineering musi wa9 Nyamavhuvhu 2021. ndivo vanyori vakuru vechidzidzo.
Boka rekutsvagisa: Hyunwoo Yuk, Jingjing Wu, Xuanhe Zhao (kubva kuruboshwe kuenda kurudyi), vakabata barnacle shell uye barnacle gum hemostatic mafuta mumaoko avo. Credit: Yakapiwa nemuongorori
Kutsvaga nzira yekumisa kubuda ropa idambudziko rakareba, asi harisati ragadziriswa zvizere, akadaro Zhao. Sutures inowanzo shandiswa kuvhara maronda, asi sutures inguva-inopedza nguva iyo yekutanga vanopindura kazhinji havagone kuita mune emergency. Pakati pemasoja, kurasikirwa neropa ndicho chikonzero chikuru chekufa mushure mekushungurudzika, asi muhuwandu hwevanhu, kurasikirwa kweropa ndicho chikonzero chechipiri chekufa mushure mekushungurudzika.
Mumakore achangopfuura, zvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kumisa kubuda ropa, zvinonziwo hemostatic agents, zvave zviri pamusika. Zvizhinji zveizvi zvine zvigamba zvine zvinogwambisa izvo zvinobatsira ropa kugwamba rega. Nekudaro, izvi zvinotora maminetsi akati wandei kugadzira chisimbiso uye hazvishande nguva dzose pamaronda ekubuda ropa zvakanyanya.
Rabhoritari yeZhao yakazvipira kugadzirisa dambudziko iri kwemakore akawanda. Muna 2019, timu yake yakagadzira tepi ine mativi maviri uye yakaratidza kuti inogona kushandiswa kuvhara kuvhiyiwa. Tepi iyi inofemerwa nezvinhu zvinonamira zvinoshandiswa nemadandemutande kubata mhuka munzvimbo dzine mwando. Iine mapolysaccharides anochajiswa anogona kutora mvura kubva kumusoro nekukurumidza, achibvisa makwapa madiki akaoma anogona kunamira paari.
Kune yavo nyowani glue glue, vaongorori vakakwezvera kurudziro kubva kune zvakasikwa. Panguva ino, vakaisa pfungwa dzavo pamabarnacles, ari madiki crustaceans akabatanidzwa kune dzimwe mhuka dzakadai sematombo, mabhoti uye kunyange whales. Nzvimbo idzi dzakanyorova uye kazhinji dzakasviba zvakanyanya-aya mamiriro anoita kuti kunamatira kunetse.
"Izvi zvakabata pfungwa dzedu," Yuk akadaro. "Izvi zvinofadza zvikuru, nokuti kuvhara ropa rinobuda ropa, haufaniri kutarisana nehunyoro chete, asiwo kusvibiswa kweropa rinoyerera. Takaona kuti chisikwa ichi chinogara mugungwa chiri kuita zvimwe chetezvo zvatinofanira kuita kuti tigadzirise. Matambudziko ekubuda ropa akaomarara.”
Ongororo yevatsvakurudzi yebarnacle gum inoratidza kuti ine chimiro chakasiyana. Mapuroteni anonamira mamorekuru anobatsira barnacle kubatirira kumusoro anomiswa mumhando yeoiri, iyo inogona kudzinga mvura uye chero tsvina inowanikwa pamusoro, kuitira kuti puroteni inonamira inonamira kumusoro.
Chikwata cheMIT chakafunga kuyedza kutevedzera glue iyi nekugadzirisa chinonamira chavakange vagadzira. Iyi viscous zvinhu ine polymer inonzi poly(acrylic acid) umo organic compound inonzi NHS ester yakamisikidzwa kuti ipe adhesion, nepo chitosan ishuga inosimbisa zvinhu. Vatsvagiri vanoomesa zvimedu zvechinhu ichi, vochikuya kuita zvidimbu, vobva vamisa zvimedu izvi mumafuta-giredhi silicone mafuta.
Kana huturu hunoguma huchiiswa panzvimbo yakanyorova (senge nyama yakafukidzwa neropa), oiri inodzinga ropa nezvimwe zvinhu zvingave zviripo, zvichiita kuti zvimedu zve viscous zvidambuke uye kuita chisimbiso chakasimba paronda. Ongororo dzevanoongorora mbeva dzakaratidza kuti mukati memasekonzi gumi nemashanu kusvika makumi matatu mushure mekuisa guruu, vachiisa zvinyoro nyoro, guruu racho rakasimba uye rakamira kubuda ropa.
Vatsvakurudzi vakati kana vachienzaniswa nekaviri-mativi tepi yakagadzirwa nevatsvakurudzi muna 2019, imwe mukana wechinhu chitsva ichi ndechokuti paste inogona kuumbwa kuti ikwane maronda asina kukwana, uye tepi inogona kunyanya kukodzera kuvhiyiwa kuvhara Ita incision kana batanidza mushonga wekurapa kune tishu. "Paste inoumbwa inogona kupinda mukati uye kukwana chero chimiro chisina kujairika uye chisimbiso," Wu akadaro. "Izvi zvinobvumira vashandisi kugadzirisa vakasununguka kune akasiyana maronda ekubuda ropa asina kurongeka."
Mukuedzwa kwakaitwa panguruve, Nabzdyk nevamwe vake paMayo Clinic vakawana kuti glue iyi inogona kumisa kubuda ropa nekukurumidza, uye kuti inoshanda nekukurumidza uye zvinobudirira kupfuura iyo inotengeswa hemostatic agent yavakaenzanisa. Inogona kutoshanda kana ichipa nguruve ropa rine simba rakapfava (heparin) kuitira kuti ropa risaite magwamba ega.
Tsvagiridzo yavo inoratidza kuti chisimbiso chinoramba chakasimba kwemavhiki akati wandei, zvichibvumira nguva yekuti matishu apore ega, uye glue inokonzera kuzvimba kushoma, zvakafanana nekuzvimba kunokonzerwa nehemostatic agents inoshandiswa parizvino. Iyo glue ichanyura zvishoma nezvishoma mumuviri mukati memwedzi mishoma. Kana chiremba anovhiya achida kugadzirisa ronda mushure mekushandiswa kwekutanga, rinogonawo kubviswa pachine nguva nekushandisa mhinduro inoinyungudutsa.
Vatsvakurudzi vave kuronga kuedza glue pamaronda makuru, uye vanotarisira kuti izvi zvicharatidza kuti glue rinogona kushandiswa kurapa kushungurudzika. Vakafungawo kuti zvingabatsira pakuvhiya, izvo zvinowanzoda kuti chiremba anovhiya apedze nguva yakawanda achidzora kubuda ropa.
"Isu tinokwanisa kuita maoparesheni akawanda akaomarara, asi kugona kwedu kukurumidza kudzora kubuda ropa kwakanyanya hakuna kunyatsoita," Nabzdyk akadaro.
Chimwe chinogoneka chekushandisa ndechekubatsira kumisa kubuda ropa. Varwere ava vane machubhu epurasitiki akaiswa mutsinga dzavo dzeropa, seaya anoshandiswa arterial kana nechepakati venous catheters kana extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Munguva yeECMO, muchina unoshandiswa kupomba ropa remurwere kubva mumuviri kuti riite oxygen. Inoshandiswa kurapa vanhu vane moyo wakakomba kana kutadza kwemapapu. Iyo chubhu inowanzoiswa kwemavhiki kana mwedzi yakawanda, uye kubuda ropa panzvimbo yekuisa kunogona kukonzera utachiona.
Chirevo: "Namira yakafemerwa nebarnacle gum yekukurumidza uye coagulation-yakasununguka hemostatic sealing" Vanyori: Hyunwoo Yuk, Jingjing Wu, Tiffany L. Sarrafian, Xinyu Mao, Claudia E. Varela, Ellen T. Roche, Leigh G. Griffiths, Christoph S. Nabzdyk and Xuanhe Zhao, 9 Nyamavhuvhu 2021, Nature Biomedical Engineering.DOI: 10.1038/s41551-021-00769-y
Vatsvagiri vakagamuchira mari kubva kuMIT Deshpande Center kuti ivabatsire kutengesa glue, iyo yavanoshuvira kuwana mushure mekuwedzera preclinical zvidzidzo pamhando dzemhuka. Tsvagiridzo iyi yakawanawo mari kubva kuNational Institutes of Health, National Science Foundation, neHofisi yeMauto Research kuburikidza neSoja Nanotechnology Institute paMassachusetts Institute of Technology neZoll Foundation.
Ndapota, ndapota tengesa iyo nekukurumidza sezvinobvira. Mudzimai wangu akanama ronda rangu nenamo. Kuruma kunge gehena. Zvakanaka, pamwe ndiri mucheche, sezvaaitaura pese paainyorera.
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Nguva yekutumira: Sep-09-2021